(Revised 23 February 2026)

1.   Introduction

a.    The Armor Modeling and Preservation Society (AMPS) supports the use of organized modeling competitions.  Competitions provide a collegiate forum for modelers to discuss techniques, improve their skills, and share information about real vehicles of common interest.  AMPS created a unique system that both judges the model and honors the modeler for his artistic achievement and historical accuracy.

b.    The AMPS system rates the model relative to the modeler's ability, rather than against the work of other modelers.  It looks at what the modeler started with, what he finished with and what he did to get there.

c.    The AMPS system also acknowledges that judges are human and that some judging calls are subjective rather than objective. Thus, each model is judged by a team of judges rather than by an individual judge.

d.    The AMPS system groups modelers with others of similar skill levels and talents, rather than against acknowledged masters of the hobby or against everyone else in the same category.

2.   Mission and Intent

a.    AMPS' judging is a form of “peer evaluation and mentoring” and not a performance critique by a panel of experts.

b.    Each model is judged fairly, thoroughly, and completely.  The builder is provided with feedback that's as comprehensive as the time for judging allows.  Models are judged, and feedback is provided with the intent to help each builder become a better, more skilled modeler.  The judging system is designed to reward the builder for the good work they have accomplished.  Each model is reviewed and evaluated on its own merits, never comparing it to any other entry.

3.   AMPS Judging Philosophy:

a.    Models are not just technical-scale miniatures of their prototypes but also artistic representations of historical, hypothetical, or imaginary subjects.  While mechanical precision and fidelity to detail are highly desired, there are few absolute rights or wrongs in most aspects of our builds.  There are many construction and finishing techniques that can be employed to create artistic representations of our subjects.  These combine to create each model-builder's unique "style."  Although judges are expected to assess and score the models, they are also expected to do so within the context of each modeler's style, not their own.

4.   Overview:

a.    These rules are for the use of AMPS chapters, affiliate clubs, members, and organizations that wish to apply AMPS standardized judging rules to their shows and local contests.  These rules are designed to make the benefits of the AMPS system available to as many modelers as possible.  

b.    The modeling contest of the AMPS International Convention is just a small portion of a collegiate gathering of modelers and military enthusiasts.  There are also seminars, military vehicle museums, a large vendor area, and, of course, the opportunity to meet and interact with hundreds of other armor modelers and enthusiasts.

c.    The judging system is designed primarily to ensure that each entry is viewed and evaluated by a group of fellow modelers.  This provides an opportunity for the entrant's work to receive formal, structured feedback from fellow modelers.  The judging system is set up to reward the modeler for the good work he has done.  Each model is reviewed and evaluated on its own merits, never comparing it to any other entry.

d.    One of the most positive aspects of the AMPS system is that a large number of modelers and attendees can participate in the judging process.  Many attendees at past AMPS International shows have commented that the best part of the show was participating as a judge.

5.   Competition Skill Levels:

a.    The AMPS system uses five competitive levels which groups modelers with similar skills. The criteria for these five skill levels are:

                                  i.    JUNIOR - modelers aged 17 or younger who do not wish to compete in one of the other categories.  Modelers who are 17 or younger are free to compete in other skill levels but are not compelled to do so.

                                ii.    BASIC – modelers new to the hobby or with basic modeling skills.  The BASIC level is the introductory level to the AMPS system.  Modelers at this level generally build their models with minimal tweaks and often have never competed before or are new to the hobby.  It allows members to develop their modeling skills, with their work evaluated and encouraged through feedback from the AMPS judging system.  As with all other entrants, BASIC Level entrants are encouraged to volunteer for judging.

                               iii.    INTERMEDIATE – modelers with average to above average skill.  Modelers at this level generally make some modifications or conversions to their work or use commercial upgrades.  INTERMEDIATE modelers may have been promoted from BASIC, won awards at other shows, or chose to enter at this level from the start.  An INTERMEDIATE modeler is someone to whom some or all of the following apply:

1.    Adds photo-etched and/or resin details

2.    Uses aftermarket conversion kits

3.    Scratch builds details and makes modifications to actualize kits

4.    Uses reference material for actualizing ideas

5.    Improves models by cross-kitting

6.    Builds full resin kits

7.    Displays models on complementary bases or with figures

                               iv.    ADVANCED – modelers with more highly-developed skills, whose entries are heavily reworked, actualized, or include non-commercial parts or modifications.  The evaluations of this class are more strenuous.  An ADVANCED modeler does most of the things expected of INTERMEDIATE level modelers, plus some or all of the following:

1.    Scratch builds, using references

2.    Casts own replacement parts

3.    Builds and paints at a high skill level

4.    Presents models on elaborate bases, sometimes with accompanying information

5.    Uses materials and space artistically

                                v.    EXPERT - It requires an AMPS modeler to achieve 10 or more gold medals in the advanced skill level at one or more International Conventions. This can be achieved over any number of shows over any period of time. Medal score thresholds in the Expert skill level will be the same as those used for the Advanced level. However, no bronze medals will be awarded in the Expert Skill Level if an entry has a bronze-level score. Only gold and silver medals will be awarded at the Expert Skill Level. Expert entries will follow the current judging procedures. Expert Skill Level entries are eligible for all AMPS awards that Advanced Skill Level entries are.

                               vi.    MASTERS – modelers who have won ‘Judges’ Best of Show’ at the AMPS International Convention.  These modelers consistently demonstrate that they are the very best in all aspects of armor model building.  

b.    Advancement of Skill Levels

                                  i.    Advancement of skill levels occurs when a modeler achieves a Gold medal in their current skill level at an AMPS International Convention.  BASIC skill level modeler advances to the INTERMEDIATE skill level upon winning a Gold Medal in the BASIC skill level of competition, and INTERMEDIATE skill level modeler moves to the ADVANCED skill level upon winning a Gold Medal in the INTERMEDIATE skill level of competition. 

                                ii.    The EXPERT skill Level is attained when a modeler has earned 10 or more Gold Medals at the Advanced skill level at one or more International Conventions. Both the EXPERT and ADVANCED skill level modelers can reach the MASTERS skill level by earning the "Judges' Best of Show" award at an AMPS International Convention.

                               iii.    When a modeler first enters an AMPS International competition and is unsure of his status, the Chief Judge or his designated representative will examine the model entry to ascertain the displayed skill level of the modeler.  Based on this examination, the Chief Judge or his representative will suggest a skill level.  While this recommendation should be heeded, the modeler is free to enter at any of the three main skill levels (BASIC, INTERMEDIATE, or ADVANCED) desired as long as they meet the conditions for that skill level.

                               iv.    Medals at regional or local AMPS-sponsored shows do not count toward skill advancements at the AMPS International Conventions.

6.   Categories for Competition:

a.    Categories are quite broad.  Most categories contain three skill-levels. The exception is Major Conversions and Scratchbuilt.  These are not basic skills, and it is unfair to both the modeler and the judges to expect one to be so entered.  Current categories:

1.    Closed Top Tracked and Semi-tracked Vehicles 1899 to1934 (based on markings)

2.    Closed Top Tracked and Semi-tracked Vehicles 1935 to 1945, Axis (based on markings)

3.    Closed Top Tracked and Semi-tracked Vehicles 1935 to 1945, Allied (based on markings)

4.    Closed Top Tracked and Semi-tracked Vehicles 1946 to 1991 (based on markings)

5.    Closed Top Tracked and Semi-tracked Vehicles 1992 to Present (based on markings)

6.    Open Top/Open Hatch Vehicles (all eras)

7.    Wheeled Vehicles (all eras)

8.    Ordnance (Towed only, emplaced or with Prime Movers) (all eras)

9.    Major Conversions

10. Scratchbuilt

11. Figures – 1899 to the present

12. Dioramas (figures, or figures, vehicles, and landscape combined with a storyline)

13. Vignettes (figures, or figures, vehicles, and landscape combined without a storyline)

14. Fictional, Futuristic, or Proposed Vehicles

15. Juniors

16. Masters

17. Display Only -- All levels

b.    Scale is not a factor in these categories. If a large number of entries of a specific scale are present, the categories may be administratively divided up for display purposes as the Chief Judge sees fit.  Such separation is purely for display and has no bearing on judging or scoring of any model.

c.    Clarifications:

                                  i.    Categories 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6:

1.    Determination as to whether an entry should be placed in Categories 1,2,3,4,5 (closed top) or in Category 6 (open top) depends upon whether the interior is plainly and clearly visible to the judges.  All vehicles with closed hatches and turrets or casemates will be placed in Categories 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 based on era and markings.  Self-propelled guns with open or barbette mounts will go in Category 6 regardless of hatches being open or closed unless the fighting compartment is covered by a tarp or otherwise completely obscured.

2.    If the model has open hatches and the interior is plainly visible, the modeler has a choice to enter it in Category 6 (Open Top/Open Hatch Vehicles) or in the respective Closed Top categories.  The modeler may use figures to fill the hatches or leave them open, with nothing obstructing them.  However, anything visible through an open hatch will not be judged (as though the hatches are closed). So, the interior is judged only if the model is entered in Category 6, not in Categories 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.

                                ii.    Category 7, Wheeled Vehicles:

1.    This category includes all wheeled vehicles, including truck-type tank transporter vehicles, whether loaded or unloaded.  When carrying a vehicle or other object, judges will treat both as one project, distributing points across similar areas of both vehicles (e.g., markings, running gear/drive train, including tracks/wheels).

2.    This category also includes railroad subjects other than permanently mounted railroad guns, for example: fully armored, closed-top rail wagons, flatbed wagons carrying vehicles or artillery pieces for transport, or armored rail cars.

3.    Wheeled vehicles without open hatches or doors properly belong in Category 7, but transparent or open windows and folded or dropped canvas tops mean that whatever is plainly visible will be judged.

                               iii.    Category 8, Ordnance: 

1.    This category is defined as towed ordnance and other towed or stationary military equipment.  Several special cases have come up in this category.  The following guidelines and exceptions are provided to address questions about projects that fall outside AMPS’ usual requirement that a model be “relating to ground forces since 1899”.

2.    Because many artillery subjects used in the 20th Century were produced before the 1899 cut-off date, this category is open to any “cannon” or “gun” with a closed-bore tube that uses a chemical charge to propel a projectile.  Pieces using spring power or counterweights, unless plainly military subjects built after 1899, are ineligible.  For example, ballistae or catapults from the Roman era are ineligible.  By contrast, WW I bomb-throwing catapults, PIATs, or air pressure mortars are eligible.

3.    In keeping with the ground forces theme, projects that include physical parts of naval vessels (portions of decks, turrets, etc.) or aircraft are ineligible unless they are clearly ground forces weapons temporarily mounted.  Examples of eligible subjects include:

a.    Vietnam era US 105mm howitzer on river barge or pontoon

b.    German FlaK 38 on a ferryboat

4.    Examples of ineligible subjects:

a.    US 37mm cannon w/o wheels lashed to PT boat bow

b.    German 20mm FlaK gun on shipboard mount.

5.    Rockets and missiles: In order to be eligible, the rocket or missile must be on a ground or vehicle-mounted launcher or in a transport cradle.  For example, a German V-2 (A-4) missile shown in flight would not qualify, but a V-2 deployed for launch on its launcher or in travel mode on a carrier trailer would qualify.

6.    Judges' Note:

a.    This category is for towed ordnance.  With the exception of some modern artillery pieces, missiles or trailers with small auxiliary power units, subjects with driver controls and engines belong in other categories.  Ordnance that is typically disconnected from the prime mover for use such as towed AT guns, the US "Atomic Cannon", the Soviet SA-2 missile on its transport trailer, Patriot missile radar, ammunition trailers or German Flak searchlight are eligible for Category 8, even with the prime mover connected.  Some examples belonging elsewhere are: SCUD missile transporter-erector-launchers or Katyusha rocket launchers (Category 7, Wheeled Vehicles);US M12 155mm or German Panzerjager 38(t) self-propelled guns (Category 6, Open Top/ Open Hatch Vehicles); Sturmmörser Tiger or Soviet ISU-152 (either Category 2, 3, or 4 as with other tracked or semi-tracked vehicles).

b.    Since this category is designed to present towed ordnance or military equipment, disconnected from the prime mover or in their emplaced position, details presented in proximity of the model to represent support items used by or carried on the equipment may also be judged and counted within the Construction Group under Hull, Chassis, and Turret Detailing.

c.    Examples of these items include artillery ammunition, ammunition crates, ramming staffs, aiming posts (collimators), and fuse cans.  Section chests, artillery tools, a generator, or items put to the side, normally used in towing, such as covers, tarps, or towing wheels.  Examples of items that do not qualify include common military position-improvement items, such as sandbags, camouflage nets, and crew-served weapon positions.

                               iv.    Category 9, Major Conversions: 

1.    A "Major Conversion" is defined as a model that requires a considerable change in the base mark or version of the vehicle or equipment from that provided in the base kit, which results in a new mark or version of the vehicle or equipment.  This conversion results in a new mark or version of the vehicle or equipment that is not produced as a single kit in any medium.  Conversion work may be performed from scratch by the modeler, with a commercially available conversion kit, a kit-bash of other kit parts, or combinations of any or all of the above.  Neither cosmetic changes in external details, nor changes in markings or paint schemes constitute a ”Major Conversion”; any such models shall be entered in the appropriate regular category.  It is the modeler's responsibility to provide the judges with details of the conversion work he has done on the entry.  Judges should carefully consider the higher scope of effort when reviewing the model for scope of effort points.

                                v.    Category 10, Scratchbuilt:

1.    A "Scratchbuilt" model is defined as one in which no more than 25% of the finished model consists of commercial model kit components.  Aftermarket accessories are considered to constitute part of the 25% of kit components.  It is the modeler's responsibility to provide the judges with details of the scratch-building work he has done on the entry. Models that are 3D printed will be placed in this category if the modeler can reasonably show the Chief Judge that the 3D printed model was designed and drawn in software from the modeler. 

                               vi.    Category 11, Figures: 

1.    This category is limited to figures relating to either troops who crew AFVs and ordnance, support AFVs and ordnance, or serve alongside AFVs and ordnance.  Therefore, any force acting in a ground combat role from 1899 or later may be entered. No figures from before 1899 may be entered.  Figures from other branches of the armed forces may be entered if a case can be made that they support AFVs or ordnance; for example, landing craft crews could be entered.  The burden of proof is on the modeler.

                              vii.    Category 12, Dioramas:  

1.    A diorama is a story-based display on a landscaped base.  It is a type of landscaped display built specifically to "tell a story" or convey a message from the builder to the viewer.  The strength of the story or message, along with how well it is communicated, is a critical consideration for the diorama.

2.    The purpose and intent of a diorama is for the builder to communicate with the viewer.  The models used in the diorama are the medium the builder uses to communicate the story or message, much as an author uses written words. The diorama is story-centric, and the story is the most important part of the work.  Therefore, those elements of the diorama that contribute to the telling of the story – the models, their composition, and the landscape – are judged, assessed, and scored according to how well the builder has used them to communicate their message.

                             viii.    Category 13, Vignettes: 

1.    A vignette is a model-subject-based display on a landscaped base. It is a type of landscaped display built specifically to show off its subject model(s) in their historical and/or environmental context, making that context part of the modeled subject(s).

2.    The purpose and intent of a vignette is for the model-builder to show off the aesthetic and/or technical characteristics of its subject model(s), either vehicles, figures, or both.  The vignette is model-centric and not story-centric.  The models themselves are the most important part of the vignette.

                               ix.    Category 14, Fictional, Futuristic or Proposed Vehicles: 

1.    This category is limited to fictional, futuristic, or proposed vehicles and/or equipment that are meant to operate primarily over solid terrain. Vehicles or equipment that fly, float, or are designed to operate primarily in the air, space, or on water are not acceptable. For example, hover- or surface-effect vehicles are acceptable, but hydrofoils and helicopters are not.  Vehicles or equipment with major fictional or fantasy cosmetic changes in external details, or changes in markings or paint schemes, would also qualify for this category.

2.    Some examples of vehicles or equipment that would qualify under this category:

3.    Actual experimental vehicles with fictitious marking (for instance, as if they had gone into full service) will be placed in this category.  Actual experimental vehicles marked as they were actually going to be used will be placed in the appropriate non-fictional category.  

4.    Futuristic vehicles and equipment are covered here.  A walker or laser cannon from Star Wars would be entered here, but an X-wing fighter would not.

5.    A proposed vehicle or item of equipment is covered here if it never left the “design” phase. If the vehicle or equipment was built for testing, even if it did not enter service, it would be in the appropriate nonfictional category.

6.    Gundam and MaK models are acceptable if their purpose is to move or fight primarily on the ground. For example, it has legs or can hover. 

7.    Models of actual vehicles which have been modified to represent some fictional or notional vehicle or military unit (as used in movies, TV, or for actual military training) should be entered in the appropriate category for the base vehicle which has been modified. 

8.    The burden of proof is on the modeler to show a proposed item was not built or an experimental vehicle was not marked as presented.

                                x.    Category 15 Juniors: 

1.    This category is limited to entries of modelers age 17 and under who do not wish to compete in other categories.

                               xi.    Category 16, Masters: 

1.    This category is limited to entries of those modelers who have achieved the MASTERS skill level.

                              xii.    Category 17, Display Only:

1.    This category is for models that the builder does not want judged, or for past winning entries that are placed on display for the public. It is the only category where models are not judged. This is also where chapter group builds are placed if some or all of the models in the group build are not being judged.

d.    Dispute Resolution:  

                                  i.    Any disputes over model eligibility, modeler's skill level, or final model placement are to be referred to either the Chief Judge or the Assistant Chief Judge on duty at the time.  The Chief Judge's decision will be final.

e.    Best of Selections: 

                                  i.    The judges will select one ‘Best Of’ overall winner from EXPERT and ADVANCED Gold Medals in a number of genres that cross over all of the categories.

                                ii.    The Chief Judge oversees the “Best of” selection process. Voting members are the AMPS President, AMPS Vice-President, and all Assistant Chief Judges who served as ACJs at that particular show. No other AMPS members are allowed to judge “Best Ofs” or be present in the judging room during selection, unless allowed to observe by the Chief Judge. No judge may reveal the award results to any members until the awards are announced at the closing ceremony.

                               iii.    The 'Best Of' categories are:

1.    Best German - this includes all German-marked entries, regardless of time period

2.    Best United States - this includes all U.S.-marked entries, regardless of time period

3.    Best Russian/Soviet - this includes all Russian/Soviet-marked entries, regardless of time period

4.    Best Commonwealth - this includes all of the British Commonwealth-marked entries, regardless of time period

5.    Best Small Army - this includes entries marked for all other armies, regardless of time period

6.    Best Ordnance - this includes entries that were judged in Category 8.

7.    Best Figure - this includes only the entries in Category 9.  Entries in this category will not be eligible for any of the other category “Best of” Awards except for “Best of Show”.

8.    Best Diorama - this includes only the entries in Category 12.  Entries in this category will not be eligible for any one of the other categories “Best of” Awards except for the “Best Theme” and “Best of Show”.  

9.    Best Vignette - this includes only the entries in Category 13.  Entries in this category will not be eligible for any one of the other categories “Best of” Awards except for the “Best Theme” and “Best of Show”.

10. Best Sci-Fi- this includes entries only in Category 14. Entries in this category will not be eligible for any one of the other categories “Best of” Awards except for the “Best Theme” and “Best of Show”.

11. Best Junior - this includes the entries in Category 15. This category is not eligible for any other “Best of” awards.

12. Best Master – this award is based on the AMPS Masters’ voting on which of their entries is considered the best entry at the time of our International Convention.  Masters judge all Master entries, except for their own, on an individual basis using AMPS judging criteria. If there is a tie in the votes, the Chief Judge will make the final decision on the “Best Master.” 

13. Best Theme Award. This is given to the model that most appropriately represents the theme selected for the convention. It may be given to either an INTERMEDIATE, ADVANCED, or EXPERT skill level entry.  Note: All “Best of” Award winners are also eligible for the Best Theme Award.

14. Dave Lockhart Judges Best of Show Award.  The "Dave Lockhart Judges Best of Show Award" is selected from the "Best of" winners.\

f.     Special Awards:

                                  i.    The "Andy Smith Best Basic Model" award should be given to the highest-scoring BASIC skill level entry in the manner of the other "Best of" awards

                                ii.    Additional special awards may be established by individual show committees, individual modelers, commercial model companies, and modeling chapters, and shall be awarded only at the show for which they are established. It is the responsibility of the special award sponsor to purchase the award, establish the award's eligibility criteria, and judge as they see fit to determine the winner. The AMPS show is only responsible for AMPS-sponsored awards.

g.    Total Number of Entries Allowed at the International Convention:

                                  i.    The International Convention has anywhere from 500 to 700 (or more) entries to judge at a show in a very limited time. Each modeler entering the International Convention is therefore limited to a total of ten entries. The ten entries can be in any category.

7.   Establishing a Judging Corps:

a.    The Chief Judge will select a team of judges.  At a minimum, the system requires people in the following positions: Chief Judge, Assistant Chief Judge, Table Captains, Field Judges, Scorers, RamRods and Runners.  The number of each varies depending on the size of the show and the number of teams needed, but each judging team must consist of one Team Captain and three Field Judges; each judging shift should have from 3 to 6 teams and two Assistant Chief Judges.  One Assistant Chief Judge is the “pit boss,” who runs the judging; the other is responsible for sorting paperwork and preparing entries for judging.

b.    The Chief Judge is selected by the AMPS Executive Board.  The Chief Judge must have successfully completed the AMPS Judge’s and Table Captain’s Certification process and be trained in the administration of the AMPS judging system.  The Chief Judge will select Assistant Chief Judges to assist in running the competition.  Assistant Chief Judges must have successfully completed the AMPS Field Judge’s and Table Captain’s Certification process and be trained in the administration of the AMPS judging system.

c.    The Chief Judge's job is to organize and supervise the competition.  He will assist the Assistant Chief Judges in selecting the Table Captains, Field Judges, and Scorer; set up a judging area for record-keeping; monitor judging and evaluations; assist in tabulating the lists of winners; and oversee the presentation of awards.  The Chief Judge is also arbiter of the rules, classes, and eligibility of any entry or entrant.  Assistant Chief Judges assist the Chief Judge during the competition, ensuring its smooth running.  The Chief Judge is responsible for the overall organization of the judging teams and shifts and bears the ultimate responsibility for ensuring that the AMPS judging rules are successfully implemented.

d.    Table Captains are judges who have successfully completed the AMPS Judge’s and Table Captain’s Certification process and have been trained in the administration of the AMPS judging system.  They are the team leaders of the individual judging teams.  A Table Captain’s duties include organizing the table and his team, ensuring that they have sufficient materials for judging, and keeping the table policed at all times (i.e., no sodas, food, cigarettes, etc.).  He will personally verify the assigned scores and ensure that the individual Field Judges have made comments on the appropriate paperwork to be returned to the modeler.  The Table Captain is also responsible for dropping the lowest score and adding up the point total.

e.    Field Judges are the judging team members who, along with the Table Captain, actually judge the models.  They will adhere to the AMPS standards and award points based on the level of achievement in an entry.  There will be a varying number of four-person judging teams, with the number of judges and teams based on the size and time demands of the show.  If a judging team of three Field Judges is not possible, a team of two Field Judges and a Table Captain is acceptable, provided no other judges are available. One Field Judge on each judging team may be a Junior or Basic modeler who wants to learn more about the system and improve his skills by engaging in careful evaluation of the work of others.

f.     The Chief RamRod must have successfully completed the AMPS Judge’s and Table Captain’s Certification process and trained in the administration of the AMPS judging system.  Ramrods are the “Face” of the AMPS judging system.  They should have an intimate knowledge of the AMPS contest rules, in particular the competition skill levels, competition categories, and model entry forms.  The RamRods will accept models during registration.  They should ensure the entrant's paperwork is correct, make recommendations, and answer the entrant’s questions about competition skill levels and competition categories.

g.    Runners must have successfully completed the AMPS Judge’s Certification process and be trained in the administration of the AMPS judging system.  Runners are a critical part of the judging team.  Runners, preferably with a small cart to minimize the possibility of dropping a model, will be used to transfer the models from the storage area to the judging tables, and then from the judging tables to the display tables, in their correct categories.  

h.    The scorers will tabulate the results and monitor input from the Table Captains to ensure that all entries have been fully judged.  He tabulates the scores, notes those that are winners and their levels of achievement, and prepares an awards list for the Chief Judge.  A Chief Scorer is required for shows with more than 50 entries, but two scorers are preferred. The Chief Scorer focuses on updating the show database and ensuring its accuracy. The second scorer assists the Chief Scorer. 

i.      The judging team will be prepared and briefed on show standards prior to judging.  The Chief Judge or Assistant Chief Judge will cover the standards and requirements and ensure that each Table Captain and Field Judge is set to judge the required number of entries.

j.      Historical data indicate that a judging team can reliably judge 8-10 models per hour.  The number of teams formed and rotation periods for members to rest and enjoy the convention also need to be considered.  Thus, for the International Convention with over 500 entries, six teams of four judges each are formed to work in two-hour shifts.  Roughly 80-90 models can be judged in that period, so approximately 16 hours total time would be required to judge the preliminary results for the show if all teams are at full strength.  A normal judging set for the International Convention is eight to nine full judging periods (one on Thursday, four on Friday, and three or four on Saturday).  Judging begins as soon as the doors open, and is normally complete shortly after registration closes on the second day.

k.    Minimum team numbers for a small show should include one Chief Judge, two Assistant Chief Judges, and three to four judging teams of four people each.  The International Convention has used up to three Assistant Chief Judges (shift bosses) and six teams of four judges each, plus two to three dedicated runners per shift.  This amounts to up to 240 judges and runners over the course of the show.  The more judges, the better the rotation and the more experience is garnered by all involved.

8.   Method of Judging and Operation:

a.    Judging will be conducted with an "open" room (show in progress).  Judges will attempt to be as inconspicuous as possible but will take all necessary steps to ensure complete and fair judging of entries.  The judging area should be isolated from the display area to prevent modelers from overhearing the judges as they evaluate their models and to encourage the judges to engage in frank, open discussions.  If possible, judging should commence at the start of model registration, and models should be taken to the judges before being placed on display.  The exceptions are dioramas and vignettes, due to their size; they are initially placed in the exhibit area and then brought back, one at a time, into the judging room for judging.  This will require runners to carry the models to the judges and place the models on the display tables in the proper areas.

b.    Judges will read all accompanying materials to ensure the entrant receives due consideration as to their desired effect, achievement, level of skill displayed, and any unique characteristics of the entry.  Often, one judge will read the accompanying materials aloud to the other judges as they begin examining the model.

c.    Each judge will award points to an entry according to show standards (see Individual Model Judging Criteria for specific points and areas of consideration).  After judging an entry, the judge will mark their score on the judging sheet, add their initials, and include a constructive comment.  Judges are expected to make constructive notes on the score sheet of all models, suggesting areas for improvement or acknowledging particularly well-done aspects of the model, and should not write anything they would not be prepared to discuss face-to-face with the entrant after the competition is over.  These notes will be handed to the scorer for later return to the entrants.

d.    The Table Captain will look over the Field Judges’ tally sheets and drop the low score, then tally up the total of the remaining three scores and mark it down on the entry form.  If the judging team awards a Research Bonus, the Table Captain will include that score in the score the entrant receives.  The Table Captain also ensures that each judge has made constructive comments, providing useful feedback to the modeler.

e.    Once scoring is complete, the Scorer will enter the results in the scoring system for each entry.  Once all scores are received, the scorer will print out the preliminary awards list for the use of the Chief Judge in assessing possible “Best of” and “Best Theme” awards.  

f.     Scores to be used are as follows:

                                  i.    For the JUNIOR Level:

1.    Gold Medal -- a score of 26.0 to 30.0

2.    Silver Medal -- a score of 21.0 to 25.5

3.    Bronze Medal -- a score of 16.0 to 20.5

                                ii.    For the BASIC Level:

1.    Gold Medal – a score of 26.0 to 30.0

2.    Silver Medal -- a score of 21.0 to 25.5

3.    Bronze Medal -- a score of 16.0 to 20.5

                               iii.    For the INTERMEDIATE Level:

1.    Gold Medal -- a score of 27.0 to 30.0

2.    Silver Medal -- a score of 23.0 to 26.5

3.    Bronze Medal -- a score of 19.0 to 22.5.

                               iv.    For the ADVANCED Level:

1.    Gold Medal -- a score of 28.0 to 30.0

2.    Silver Medal -- a score of 25.0 to 27.5

3.    Bronze Medal -- a score of 22.0 to 24.5.

                                v.    For the EXPERT Level:

1.    Gold Medal -- a score of 28.0 to 30.0

2.    Silver Medal -- a score of 25.0 to 27.5

3.    No medal awarded for a score of less than 25.0

                               vi.    For the MASTERS Level:

1.    Gold Medal -- a score of 29.0 and above.

2.    No medal awarded for a score of less than 29.0

g.    Each entrant is eligible for a maximum of one standard award per category entered.  For example, if a modeler entered two models in Category 5, Wheeled Vehicles, one of which was judged Silver and the other which was judged Gold, the modeler would be awarded a single, Gold Medal.

h.    AMPS International Convention medal-winning entries may be limited in competition at subsequent local or Regional AMPS shows, at the discretion of show organizers.

i.     Special Judging:

                                  i.    The Masters category (Category 16) is judged by all AMPS Masters present at the International Convention.  The Chief Judge will provide each Master with a judging packet.  This packet will contain a scoring tabulation sheet for each Masters entry.  Each Master will score each entry and provide their comments.  When each entry is scored, the Master will return their judging packet to the Chief Judge, who will tabulate the scores for each entry.  The final score for each entry will be the sum of the highest three scores.

                                ii.    The Figure Category (Category 11) is judged by a team of three led by an Assistant Chief Judge.  At least two of these judges shall have a very high level of expertise with figure painting, figure sculpting, and judging. Note that figures have unique judging forms and considerations since they are not vehicles or mechanical devices.

                               iii.    The Diorama and Vignette categories (Categories 12 and 13) are judged in the judging room at a designated table. The team will be made up of an Assistant Chief Judge, together with two other judges, preferably with at least one judge having a very high level of expertise with figure painting and diorama judging. All of these judges should have attended the AMPS diorama and vignette training.

                               iv.    The Junior Category (Category 15) is judged by a team of four led by an Assistant Chief Judge.  All Junior entries will be judged after the competition registration closes. 

j.      Judging Criteria:

                                 i.    Each judge, upon assessing the model, assigns it a score of up to 10 points, including half points (but no fractions smaller than half points), in accordance with the judging criteria.  These scores should reflect the individual judge's assessment of the model, not an agreed-upon or 'team' score.  The Table Captain adds up the individual scores, dropping the lowest of the four judges' scores, to get the entry's final score.  If it is a three-person judging team, the lowest score is not dropped, and the three scores are added up. This final number is the entry score and is used to determine if an award is merited.  Accuracy is important, so the Chief Judge or an Assistant Chief Judge is responsible for double-checking all math before the scores are entered into the computer.  The breakdown of how points are awarded is:

1.    Construction Group – 5.0 points

a.    Basic hull, turret, and body work: 2.0 points

b.    Running gear/drive train, including tracks/wheels: 2.0 points

c.    Hull, chassis, and turret detailing: 1.0 point

2.    Finish/Weathering Group – 4.0 points

a.    Finish and markings application: 1.5 points

b.    Weathering: 1.5 points

c.    Finish continuity: 1.0 point

3.    Scope of Effort Group – 1.0 point

a.    Scope of Effort – 1.0 point

4.    Total possible score 10.0 points

5.    Optional research bonus – 0.5 point

                                ii.    Individual Model Judging Criteria:

1.    Construction Group (5.0 Points)

a.    Basic hull, turret, and body work (2.0 points).

                                                                                  i.    The judges will look at how the hull parts go together; this includes the top of the hull, bottom, hull rear, glacis plate, hatches, grilles, etc.  Of equal importance will be how turret halves meet, alignment of hatches to mounts, etc.  Judges will look at the parts of the vehicle that make up the hull and turret only.  They will look closely to ensure that seams are clean, kit weld marks are not sanded off, any filling that is required is clean, etc.

                                                                                ii.    For ordnance, the judges will look at the barrel, equilibrators, breech, recoil system, recoil sled, or, in the case of non-artillery, the upper operating portion of the equipment, radar dish, light, etc.  The judges are looking only at the operating portion of the equipment.  As with the above, look closely to insure that seams are clean, kit weld marks are not sanded off, any filling that is required is clean, etc.

b.    Running gear/drive train including tracks/wheels (2.0 points).

                                                                                  i.    The judges will look at how the suspension and running gear is assembled.  Do the tracks/tires sit on the ground and are the tires/road wheels aligned?  Are the major attached suspension components installed cleanly?  Is there a problem with toe-in/toe-out?

                                                                                ii.    For ordnance, the judges will look at the towing chassis to include trails or yoke, towing base, wheels, or, on a trailer, the base towing section and tires.  If a trailer/weapon includes a separate set of towing limber (like the 155mm Long Tom or towed 8 inch howitzer), this is also judged under this group.  As with the above, do the tires sit on the ground and are the tires/road wheels aligned?  Is there a problem with toe-in/toe-out?

c.    Hull, chassis and turret detailing (1.0 point). 

                                                                                  i.    The judges will look at how the modeler has corrected, modified, or enhanced the model, using detailing parts regardless of the source.  (Note: Detailing parts can be provided from the kit or from aftermarket or alternate sources).  These parts can include but not limited to, pioneer tools, tow cables, tool boxes, grab handles, lights and cables, towing clevises, weapons, tarps, photo–etched or resin accessories, weld seams, rivets and bolts, barrels and track.  These detailing parts must be properly cleaned, aligned and installed without glue marks.  It is incumbent upon the modeler to provide the judges with a description of their extra work. The format or style of this information is not to be judged.  Only the information is important and only as far as it presents the detail work done by the modeler.  Judges are not expected to know things the modeler does not tell them.

2.    Finish/Weathering Group (4.0 points)

a.    Finish and markings application (1.5 points).

                                                                                  i.    The judges will look at how the modeler has applied paint and/or markings.  Paint should be applied in a smooth, even coat with no drips, splotches, or uneven areas.  Markings and decals, if applied, should be viewed for edges lifting, silvering, etc.  Hand-applied painted markings should be viewed "in scale," i.e., not too heavy-handed or thickly applied.

                                                                                ii.    Judges Note:  The absence of markings shall not result in a penalty or "point shifting" in the Finish/Weathering Group.  Markings are simply part of the model's finish.  Issues regarding the accuracy of markings are properly considered as part of the Research and Reference Bonus evaluation.

b.    Weathering (1.5 points).

                                                                                  i.    The judges will look at how the vehicle is weathered.  The term ‘weathering’ does not necessarily mean action-related mud, peeling paint, and the like, but refers to treatment beyond the basic finish required to achieve the desired effect.  For example, a factory-new vehicle would still have a certain amount of rust on the tracks or wear on the track teeth.  Judges cannot hold it against a modeler if he chooses not to show wear on a shovel.  The judges should score the model as it is presented by the modeler.  A model shown as new should be viewed and scored as such.

                                                                                ii.    Judges' Note:  What is important in judging weathering is how the modeler has improved the finish of the model.  No technique is mandatory; it is the final effect that counts.  The use of washes, powders, dry brushing, and paint chipping might be perfect for a vehicle, but if these weathering techniques do not improve the model's finish, points should not be awarded.  A model with no washes or drybrushing could still earn points depending on the subtleties of the paint application.

c.    Finish continuity (1.0 point).

                                                                                  i.    The judges will look at how the modeler has blended the finish and weathering to create a visually balanced, homogeneous arrangement.  Examples that do NOT show a sensible and logically finished model would include a vehicle with muddy road wheels and clean track, or mud on the track and suspension with a clean hull.  Finish continuity does not mean a vehicle must be equally weathered over its entire surface, but it does mean the vehicle must be logically weathered.  A full point awarded here means the modeler has considered reality, consistency, and presentation.

3.    Scope of Effort Group (1.0 point)

a.    Scope of Effort (1.0 point). 

                                                                                  i.    Scope of Effort is a combination of complexity, extent of the work, and the amount of labor required of the modeler to create a realistic scale model of the original.  These three elements are not required to be equal for a technique or task to be difficult.  This allows room for such things as extensive parts counts to be assessed as difficult, as well as tasks such as building working PE hinges and tool clasps.  This also allows for finishing tasks, such as multi-color camouflage paint jobs and stenciled markings.  Some work might not be very complex, but the extent and amount of labor involved makes them difficult.  On the other hand, some tasks might not involve very much labor but are very complex and also difficult.  Judges should evaluate the scope of all the techniques used by the modeler, not how well any of these techniques are applied.  How well these techniques are applied is covered under the Construction and Finish/Weathering Groups.  Judges should also consider the modeler's skill level when assigning a Scope of Effort score.  For example, some tasks are more difficult for a lower-skilled modeler to perform.

                                                                                ii.    It is the modeler's responsibility to provide the judges with a description of the kit(s) and the techniques used to create a realistic scale model of the original.  This is where photos of the work "in progress" would help the modeler document the degree of difficulty involved in building the model.  Judges are not obligated to provide a score for this element if the modeler does not provide a description of their work or only indicates the model is built out of the box.

                                                                               iii.    Judges' Note: Judging for Scope of Effort is a big part of what separates AMPS judging from all other systems.  Judges should look at what the modeler started with, what he finished with and what he did to get there.

4.    Optional Research Bonus (0.5 point)

a.    There is an additional 0.5-point bonus for Research, which may be awarded by the judging team.  To obtain this 0.5-point bonus, the modeler must document to the judging team the link between the research they conducted and the finished model.  This documentation need not be extensive (two pages or less), but must address, at a minimum, the following areas:

b.    Description of Research: 

                                                                                  i.    The modeler should provide a short description of the research they performed to build the model.  The modeler must describe in this presentation how or why the model looks, either directly or indirectly, like the vehicles mentioned in the research.  The model could look like the research by applying some of the following:  similar paint schemes, markings, weathering, stowage, field modifications, or by using technical drawings to create the model displayed.  The modeler can use pictures in this description. 

                                                                                ii.    Research References:

1.    The modeler should list the research references used to build the model.

                                                                               iii.    If the modeler provides a brag book or other description of how they constructed the model, but does not provide a description of their research in the format above, they will not be awarded the 0.5-point bonus.  The link between the research and the model is established by replication and presentation of one, all, or some of the following on the model being judged:  paint schemes, markings, stowage, weathering, historical context, descriptions of similar vehicles, or the use of technical drawings to create the model, based upon the research documentation provided. 

                                                                               iv.    Examples of acceptable research format are attached at Appendices 1 thru 3.

                                                                                v.    Judges' Note:  Based on the information provided by the modeler, the judging team should ask the following questions:

1.    Does the model, either directly or indirectly, match or look like the description(s), text explanations and/or pictures provided in the research? (paint schemes, markings, stowage, weathering, historical context, descriptions of similar vehicles or the use of technical drawings).   {THE LINK}

2.    Is the research documentation format requirements met?   {THE FORMAT}

If the answer to both questions is YES, the judging team will award the 0.5 bonus.  The Table Captain will add the 0.5 point research bonus after the total score has been determined.  This score then becomes the official score for the model entered into the AMPS scoring system.

9.   Diorama Judging Criteria

a.    A diorama is a story-based display on a landscaped base.  It is a type of landscaped display built specifically to "tell a story" or convey a message from the builder to the viewer.  The strength of the story or message, along with how well it is communicated, is a critical consideration for the diorama.

b.    The purpose and intent of a diorama is for the builder to communicate with the viewer.  The models used in the diorama are the medium the builder uses to communicate the story or message, much as an author uses written words.  The diorama is story-centric, and the story is the most important part of the work.  Therefore, those elements of the diorama that contribute to the telling of the story – the models, their composition, and the landscape – are judged, assessed, and scored according to how well the builder has used them to communicate their message.

c.    Craftsmanship in construction and finishing determines how convincingly and realistically the diorama and its message are perceived and understood.  However, the intangible aspects of composition and story carry great weight in judging, assessing, and scoring.

d.    The following is a presentation of the 10-point breakdown as it applies to diorama judging.

e.    System for Diorama Judging:

                                  i.    Proper diorama construction requires mastery of related yet diverse modeling skills and the artistic talent to compose scenes and tell stories.  Because of this, the diorama is one of the most difficult forms of modeling to execute successfully.  Judging dioramas in competition is also difficult.  Judges must have a keen appreciation of all of the facets required of diorama construction, from the obvious, tangible modeling skills, such as construction and finishing, to the more abstract categories, such as composition.  In addition, the same research bonus criteria used for models applies to dioramas.  If awarded, the head diorama judge will add 0.5 points to the judging team's total score.  This score then becomes the official score for the diorama entered into the AMPS scoring system.

                                ii.    Above all, the diorama judge should be fair and objective.  Judges will use the following process to judge dioramas:  

1.    Construction Group - (3 points total)

a.    Vehicles/ordnance: 1.0 point

b.    Figures: 1.0 point

c.    Groundwork: 1.0 point

d.    Judge’s Note:  If the diorama has no vehicles or ordnance, the 3 points are split as follows: Figures – 1.5 points, Groundwork 1.5 points.  If the diorama has no figures (rare but possible) the points are split as follows:  Vehicles/ordnance – 1.5 points, Groundwork 1.5 points.

2.    Finishing and Weathering Group - (3 points total)

a.    Overall finish: 1.0 point

b.    Overall weathering: 1.0 point

c.    Consistency of finish throughout the diorama: 1.0 point

3.    Story and Composition Group (4 points total)

a.    Storyline: 1.0 point

b.    Composition: 1.0 point

c.    Attention to detail: 1.0 point

4.    Degree of difficulty/overall feel: 1.0 point

                               iii.    Judge’s Note:  The same criteria that make up the bulk of the individual model judging have been reduced to 6 points total when applied to judging dioramas.  The third Group, “Story and Composition”, is worth one more point (4 total) than either of the other two groups.  The reason for this is simple: without a story or good composition, the diorama is not successful.  Perfectly built vehicles, perfectly painted figures, and beautiful groundwork will only yield a maximum of 6 points.  If the diorama elements are poorly composed and fail to tell a story, the diorama will not score well.  Likewise, if the construction and finish of a diorama are not skillfully done, the entry will not do well, no matter how well a “story” it presents.  Achieving consistency and balance of all the skills needed to plan and build dioramas is the cornerstone for successful diorama construction.

f.     Considerations for Dioramas:

                                  i.    The third group, “Story and Composition,” requires a good understanding of the intangibles, or “abstracts”, of diorama construction.  Below are some of the suggestions on this subject.  These comments are meant to help both diorama builders and judges.

1.    Story and Composition Group (4.0 points)

a.    Storyline (1.0 point) - Regardless of whether the storyline is simple or complicated, can it be easily understood without any accompanying text other than a simple title?  If the viewer can’t understand what is happening without having to read a lengthy treatise on the subject, the diorama has failed to tell its story successfully.

b.    Composition (1.0 point) - Composition refers to the arrangement of all diorama components in relation to each other -- everything placed on the diorama base from the largest building to the smallest piece of groundwork either adds to or subtracts from the story.  Composition is the single most important part of diorama building. A story cannot be told properly without good composition.  Composition includes the following considerations:

                                                                                  i.    Balance:  Are the diorama elements distributed around the base in a way that supports the story?  Are they too close, too far apart, or bunched at one part of the base? Is the main idea supported by other, smaller components?  Do supporting elements direct your eye around the diorama?

                                                                                ii.    The size of the diorama base: Is it too small or too large for the story being told?

                                                                               iii.    Tension:  Is it obvious whether men or vehicles are moving or stationary?  Do the supporting elements help clarify this?  Does the groundwork support or detract from the level of tension in the story?

                                                                               iv.    Clarity:  Does the composition help or hinder the clear understanding of the story?  Is it immediately clear what the story is?  Is there too much going on, with no single focus?  Or is there nothing at all going on?

                                                                                v.    Time:  Can you tell what just happened, what is happening, or what is about to happen?   

                                                                               vi.    The use of empty space:  Does the space between components help or hinder your ability to understand the story and/or emotion of the diorama?

                                                                              vii.    How do the diorama components interact with each other?  Do they help to clarify the story or emotion of the diorama or do they distract from it by leading the viewer down too many unrelated side stories and dead ends?  Is the path of travel realistic and logical? 

c.    Attention to detail (1.0 point) - The modeler needs equally good research about uniforms, small arms, buildings, combat conditions, weather effects on men and machines, etc., as on the vehicle or ordnance.  In addition to the obvious physical details, intangible details, such as facial expressions, body positioning, and the sizes and arrangements of cargo loads in vehicles, are also important.  The following are some detailing highlights:

                                                                                  i.    Figures:  Weapon slings, web gear, buckles, small arms, small arms ammo, personal gear, poses, facial expressions, emotion, condition of uniforms and weapons.

                                                                                ii.    Groundwork:  Realistic building construction, realistic rubble and landscaping, attention to weather, season, natural-looking texture and color of ground, plants, and other objects.  Each component of the groundwork should be as detailed and well-painted as the vehicles and figures.

                                                                               iii.    Vehicles/ordnance:  How do they sit in or on the groundwork?  Like figures, vehicles leave a trail as they move.  Tracks or tires leave marks in soft ground or mud on clean pavements.  Like figures, the path of travel for the vehicle/ordnance should be logical and realistic, and the level of vehicle/ordnance detail should be consistent with that of the figures, e.g., straps, tie downs, and realistic stowage.  The groundwork, figures, and vehicle/ordnance should exhibit a uniform level of detailing, finish, and weathering. This attention to detail helps support the overall composition of the diorama.

2.    Scope of Effort/overall feel (1.0 point)

a.    Criteria for this point category include:

b.    Does the diorama successfully tell a story that is difficult to tell because of its subtlety and/or complexity?

c.    Has the modeler constructed an elaborately detailed base that supports the story?

d.    Is the action or arena of action portrayed in the diorama difficult to express successfully?

e.    Is the climate or time of day being represented unusually difficult to portray successfully, e.g., nighttime, water, rain, snow, ice, etc.?

f.     Is the level of detail required for the story being told difficult to compose successfully?

                                ii.    This list is by no means conclusive. It is meant to convey the level of planning and detail one expects in a well-constructed diorama.

10.        Vignette Judging Criteria

a.    A vignette is a model-subject-based display on a landscaped base. It is a type of landscaped display that is built specifically to show off its subject model(s) in their historical and/or environmental context, and which makes that context part of the modeled subject(s).

b.    The purpose and intent of a vignette is for the model-builder to show off the aesthetic and/or technical characteristics of its subject model(s), either vehicles, figures, or both.  The vignette is model-centric and not story-centric.  The models themselves are the most important part of the vignette.  Any story that can be divined by the viewer in the vignette is irrelevant to the vignette's purpose and is not judged, assessed, or scored.

c.    The following is a presentation of the 10-point breakdown as it applies to vignette judging.

d.    System for Vignette Judging:

                                  i.    Vignettes are similar to dioramas and are scored in the same manner. The key difference is that vignettes do NOT have to tell a story.  This category is designed and intended for modelers who have expanded out from pure armor modeling to include figures, groundwork, and/or scenery, or for figure modelers who wish to set their figure(s) into a landscaped scene.  It allows the modeler in this category to have his entire work judged without being put in the diorama category, where storyline plays a key role.  For example, a tank crew sitting on a tank or a soldier nearby a vehicle adds interest but does not necessarily tell a story. 

                                ii.    It is up to the modeler to decide whether their work is a diorama or a vignette.  It is also up to the modeler to decide whether to enter a regular model category or the Vignette category.  Like dioramas, vignettes require diverse modeling skills and the artistic talent needed to compose scenes.  Judges must have a keen appreciation of all of the facets required of vignette construction, from the obvious, tangible modeling skills, such as construction and finishing, to the more abstract categories, such as composition.  In addition, the same research bonus criteria used for models apply to vignettes.  If awarded, the head vignette judge will add 0.5 points to the judging team's total score.  This score then becomes the official score for the vignette entered into the AMPS scoring system.

                               iii.    Judges will use the following process to judge dioramas:

1.    Construction Group - (4 points total)

a.    Vehicles/ordnance: 1.5 points

b.    Figures: 1.5 points

c.    Groundwork: 1.0 point

d.    Judge’s Note:  If the vignette has no vehicles or ordnance, the 4 points are split as follows: Figures – 2.0 points, Groundwork 2.0 points.  If the vignette has no figures (rare but possible) the points are split as follows:  Vehicles/ordnance – 2.0 points, Groundwork 2.0 points.

2.    Finishing and weathering Group - (3 points total)

a.    Overall finish: 1.0 point

b.    Overall weathering: 1.0 point

c.    Consistency of finish throughout the vignette: 1.0 point

3.    Composition and Scope of Effort Group (3 points total)

a.    Composition and attention to detail: 2.0 point

b.    Scope of Effort/Overall feel: 1.0 point

c.    Judge’s Note:  

4.    The emphasis of the judging is on the craftsmanship exhibited in the construction and finish of the model subjects and the groundwork.  Composition is assessed in the context of how well the builder has arranged the elements to show off the technical, historical, or environmental context of the model-subjects.  Attention to detail contributes to the effectiveness of the overall work in creating this context.  The Scope of Effort is assessed in the same manner as the regular single-subject categories.

e.    Considerations for Vignettes

                                  i.    The first two scoring groups, "Construction" and "Finish and Weathering," are assessed and scored using the same basic criteria as are used in the regular single-subject vehicle and figure categories.  The addition is Groundwork, which assessed and scored on how realistic it appears, which includes considerations of construction, landscaping, attention to the weather, season, natural-looking textures and colors of the ground, plants, and other objects.  Each component of the groundwork should be as detailed and well-painted as the vehicles and figures.  Does the groundwork depict aspects that are more or less difficult to model, such as water, snow, changes in elevation, etc?  How well as these aspects constructed and finished?  How much or how little of the groundwork has been created from scratch by the modeler?  Has the majority or entirety of the base been created from a commercial casting or a ready-made base?

                                ii.    The Composition and Difficulty group is where the judges assess and score how well the model-builder has depicted their model-subjects in some particular historical, technical or environmental context.  The purpose of building a vignette is to depict the model-subjects in a particular context, rather than simply displaying the model-subject alone.  The measure of how effective the model-builder was in creating a realistic, interesting and aesthetically pleasing context is found within this scoring group.  Judges should remember that the purpose of the vignette is to show off, to best effect, its model-subjects in their historical, technical or environmental context.

                              iii.    Composition and Difficulty Group – (3 points)

1.    Composition and Attention to Detail (2 points) addresses how the model-builder physically arranged all the elements they used in the vignette to show the model-subjects in a particular, specific context.

2.    Everything placed on the vignette, from the smallest bit of groundwork to the largest building, either adds to or detracts from the viewer's appreciation of the model-subject(s).  The principles of artistic composition apply here.  Composition determines if the model-builder has created a realist, interesting, and aesthetically pleasing work that shows off the model-subjects to their best advantage.

3.    Attention to Detail specifically addresses the compositional principles of unity and harmony.  Details should help tie the elements of the scene together.  They should convince the viewer that what they are looking at is a small part of the real world.  Details should appear in scale and contribute to the historical, technical, or environmental context of the model-subjects.  They should help the viewer to understand and appreciate the context that the model-builder is attempting to portray.

4.    Degree of Difficulty (1 point) should be assessed from both the point of view of how hard the particular model-subjects were to build and finish (normal single-subject considerations) and the point of view of how difficult it was for the model-builder to create the historical, technical or environmental scene that he or she has chosen to show off those model-subjects, i.e. how hard was it to build the vignette itself?

5.    Thus, the judges should include in their assessment and scoring aspects of the groundwork, the posing of the figures, the interaction between the various model elements (figures and vehicles/ordnance), and what aspects of those model-subjects the builder has selected to highlight, emphasize, or show off.  Examples of these other aspects could include such things as hard to model environments (snow, water, elevations, etc), dynamic physical features of the vehicles/ordnance (suspension deflection, steering articulation, interiors, recoil, crew duties and actions, etc), major figure conversions, hard to depict camouflage or other finishes (on both the figures and vehicles), etc.

6.    A unique consideration for Scope of Effort assessment of the groundwork depicted in vignettes and dioramas is how much or how little of the base and groundwork has been created from scratch by the builder and how much has been created from a commercial base or other products (building or street castings, etc.)?  Overall finish on the supporting structures, such as plaques, frames, and bases, should also be a consideration for the judges and included in their overall scoring.  In the end, the Degree of Difficulty applies to the totality of the work displayed.

11.        Figure Judging Criteria:

a.    Because we are asking our judges to evaluate a wide range of subjects, it is important to remember the strength of the AMPS system is not a competitive one, where no piece wins an award at the expense of another.  Each work is evaluated and receives the level of award the judges deem appropriate based on its merit.  Remember, finding flaws is only half the job – the other half is finding the good things, and the score and comments reflect a combination of both.

b.    Judging Process: The Figure judging team consists of three judges.  Figure judges gather at the designated judging competition area on Saturday of the international convention. Judges should have score cards and a pen.  The team then goes through the entire category together, discussing the overall merits of each entry in each figure category.

c.    Judging Philosophy: 

                                  i.    Figure Definitions:

1.    Stock: Commercially cast figures, including resin, plastic, or metal, all scales.  The judging will be based on simple construction and painting quality. 

2.    Conversions:  Minor conversions of commercially available stock figures, which consist of small changes in poses or uniforms.  More elaborate conversions, which involve extensive rework of poses or uniforms, will be evaluated on the scope of effort and the anatomical scale of likeness.  Conversions may also leave practically nothing of the original design except the face and hands, which may also be altered.

3.    Scratch builds: The sculpting of a complete figure by the modeler with components they’ve created from non-kit sources.  Generally, scratch-built figures are the most challenging and most difficult. Judges should examine the anatomy of change, muscle structure (e.g., whether one arm is longer than the other), scale, and the draping of clothing and equipment. Photo documentation is most helpful for the judges

4.    Busts: Commercially available cast, resin, plastic, metal, all scales.  Judging will be based solely on painting quality.

                                ii.    Judging Criteria:

1.    Each judge, upon assessing the figure, can award up to a total of three points.  These points are awarded in 0.5-point increments in accordance with the figure judging criteria. Each figure may be awarded a maximum of 9.0 points by the judging team.  In addition, the same research bonus criteria used for models apply to figures.  If awarded, the head figure judge will add the 0.5 points to the total score of the three judges.  This score then becomes the official score for the figure entered into the AMPS scoring system.

2.    Assembly: Judges will look for correctly treated mold seams, properly treated sprue and casting vents, components properly assembled, the absence of glue marks, and assembly areas properly filled and finished.  Additionally, on conversion and scratch-built figures, the judges should look for mismatched or out-of-scale components (anatomy), unfinished areas between components, putty or sculpted areas, rough sanding or smoothing, and fingerprints in the putty.  The judges should also look at how the figure is attached to the base.  The figure should be posed appropriately on the base with an appearance of correct scale weight, neither floating above the ground work nor sunk into it (exceptions would be mud, snow, or other soft ground).

3.    Painting: This is the most important element of judging, as judges will look for the application of paint for shading and highlighting, with no brush strokes and no areas of primer showing.  Some figure modelers allow for artistic impression in color choices, but unless they are trying to duplicate specific lighting situations (nighttime or firelight) the uniforms’ colors should be reasonably accurate.  However, judges should remember that, due to differences in materials, no two uniforms or pieces of equipment will look exactly alike.  The painting of faces is the most difficult and most challenging for most modelers, especially in the bust category, but it is of utmost importance, as it brings the figure to life from the viewer’s point of view.  For example, eyes should be accurately located level with each other, and lacking the suggestion of the “pop-eyed” look.

4.    The judges will evaluate how the modeler has rendered shadows and highlights both technically and compositionally.  Technically, shadows and highlights should be painted with proper shades and blending.  Compositionally, shadows and highlights should be where they belong on the figure.  The judging team should carefully look for innovative or adventurous painting.  This will include reflected lighting and color, creating the effect of moonlight or artificial lighting sources.

5.    Groundwork:  Judges will evaluate how the groundwork enhances the overall figure composition of the piece.  The modeler should use the groundwork to stage the figure.  Groundwork can be simple or elaborate; the groundwork and vegetation should be realistic in effect, appropriate to the geographic setting, and painted in a style commensurate with the figure(s).  The figure should be tied to the base artistically; for example, a dusty figure should be posed on a dusty base, a muddy figure on a muddy base.

6.    Scope of Effort:  The more detailed and difficult work the modeler executes, i.e., heavy conversion/scratch-built or elaborate integrated base and/or groundwork, the more credit they will receive.  Judges need to always keep the basics of assembly and painting in mind.

                               iii.    Figure Categories Scoring Breakdown

1.    Stock Category

a.    Assembly – 20 %

b.    Painting – 60%

c.    Groundwork – 20%

2.    Conversion/Scratchbuilt Category

a.    Scope of effort – 50%

b.    Painting – 30%

c.    Groundwork – 20%

3.    Bust Category

a.    Painting – 80%

b.    Base – 20%

                               iv.    Scores to be used for figures are as follows:

1.    For the JUNIOR level:                           AMPS Scoring System Conversion

a.    Gold Medal                      7.5 – 9.0                     26.0 – 30.0

b.    Silver Medal                    5.0 – 7.0                     21.0 – 25.5

c.    Bronze Medal                 2.5 – 4.5                     16.0 – 20.5

2.    For the BASIC level:

a.    Gold Medal                      7.5 – 9.0                     26.0 – 30.0

b.    Silver Medal                    5.0 – 7.0                     21.0 – 25.5

c.    Bronze Medal                 2.5 – 4.5                     16.0 – 20.5

3.    For the INTERMEDIATE level:

a.    Gold Medal                      8.0 – 9.0                     27.0 – 30.0

b.    Silver Medal                    5.5 – 7.5                     23.0 – 26.5

c.    Bronze Medal                 3.5 – 5.0                     19.0 – 22.5

4.    For the ADVANCED level:

a.    Gold Medal                      8.5 – 9.0                     28.0 – 30.0

b.    Silver Medal                    6.5 – 8.0                     25.0 – 27.5

c.    Bronze Medal                 4.5 – 6.0                     22.0 – 24.5

5.    For the EXPERT level:

a.    Gold Medal                      8.5 – 9.0                     28.0 – 30.0

b.    Silver Medal                    6.5 – 8.0                     25.0 – 27.5

6.    For the MASTERS level:

a.    Gold Medal   score of 9.0 or higher                29.0 and above

12.        Conclusions:

a.    Judging Notes and Clarifications for 2026:

                                  i.    After the 2025 International Convention, a number of working groups were formed to revise contest rules and other aspects of the AMPS organization. The purpose was to make the International Convention shows as enjoyable, understandable, fair and efficient as possible. Also, to provide clarifications on judging where needed and to reflect new rules in the International Convention. The following is a bulletized list of the changes approved by the Executive Board (EBoard) and implemented in these contest rules:

1.    Open Hatches in Closed Top Category. Open hatches are allowed in closed-top categories. No figure must be in the open hatch. Judges will ignore anything seen through the open hatch and judge the model as if the hatch were closed.

2.    Make the Judges' Tally Sheet Easier to Read. The judges' tally sheet was redesigned to improve readability.

3.    Removed the .5 Research Point from the tally sheet and placed it on the master judging form. The research .5 point is now on the master judging form and will be awarded or denied by the Table Captain. This is already done, but now it will be clear to the table captain where to award it.

4.    Put the Judges' Table Number on the Master Judging Sheet. There is now a box for the table captain to put the judging table they are judging at. This allows quick reference to which table to return to if there are errors or problems with judging an entry (such as a math error).

5.    3 Person Judging Teams. The three-person judging teams will continue to be allowed, but only when there is a shortage of judges on a particular shift. For clarification, four-person judging teams are always preferred for each judging shift, but if a fourth judge cannot be obtained for that shift, then three judges will judge entries without the low score of the three being eliminated. 

6.    The “Degree of Difficulty” Point in judging has been changed to “Scope of Effort”. There was no change to the definition, but the name change better reflects what is being judged.  

7.    A new “Expert Skill Level”. A new skill level called “Expert Skill Level” was approved. It requires an AMPS modeler to achieve 10 or more gold medal scores for entries in the advanced skill level. This can be achieved over any number of shows over any period of time.

8.    No Changes to Masters Induction or Entry Scoring- The Masters will continue to be determined by a modeler winning the Judges' Best of Show. No changes to how Master entries are scored. No change to the determination of the Best Master.

9.    Improving Judges' Training. A working group was formed to improve AMPS training for judges. All members who are judges (or want to be judges) were asked to take this new training when it is offered.

10. Changes to Sci-Fi judging. A working group is currently conducting meetings to further define how the sci-fi category will be judged. There is a desire to welcome sci-fi builders such as Gundam or MaK, and their builds are very different from other category entries. It is hoped that the sci-fi modelers will also begin building historical armor after attending our shows. This work is ongoing and was not ready for the 2026 International Convention.  

                                ii.    * These changes are effective beginning at the South Bend International Convention

13.        Pointers and Suggestions for Successful Show Judging:

a.    The judges should have preprinted forms.  While the judging system works best with a computer for more precise scoring, it can be used without a computer with minimal paperwork.  However, every judge must have a tally sheet for each model, and the Table Captain must have the entry form accompanying the model to log in the official score and comments.

b.    The entry form must list the entry number, its class and category, and provide a spot for the points awarded by the judges, their comments, and their initials or symbols.

c.    Judging Comments:  The purpose of the judge’s comments is to provide the modeler with constructive feedback on their work.  Each judge will provide at least one comment on each judging sheet.  The judges must initial the individual Tally sheet when they have completed judging an entry  

d.    An example of a finished card would look like this (for a hypothetical Tamiya Tiger with extensive extra detail).

                                  i.    Entry: Nr. 187A

                                ii.    Level: Intermediate

                               iii.    Title: "Snow Tigers in the Ardennes - December 1944"

                               iv.    Kits Used: Tamiya, DML figure accessories: VLS, Show Modeling, On the Mark

                                v.    Category 10

                               vi.    A -- 8.0 Nice work on the tracks, but guide teeth should show similar wear! JRG

                              vii.    B -- 8.5 Good job of weathering, watch track alignment. NBF

                             viii.    C -- 10.0 Best Tiger I I've seen in years ABC

                               ix.    D – 6.5 Zimmerit was not used on this unit's tanks after August 1944, and not in Belgium. BRR

                                x.    Score 26.5

e.    The "expert" who ‘slams it’ for not living up to his standards has his score thrown out; thus the model earns a SILVER medal.  Judges are expected to make notes for the modeler on their entry sheet and then initial these notes.  Judges who award less than a perfect score are expected to offer positive constructive criticism, as well as encouragement and compliments.  This is done to help the modeler to improve his modeling skills and should never be worded in a petty or aggressive manner.

f.     Comments should be to the point and tactful.  They should directly relate to the model's scores.  Remarks like "junk", "crap," or "folk art" have no place on a judging sheet.  Remember that these are your peers and friends, and be considerate of their feelings when you make comments.

g.    Judging sheets are returned to each modeler following the award ceremony.  This is the modeler’s opportunity to see why he got the score he got and what he needs to do to improve.  Entrants are encouraged to carefully review the notes and scores for each of their entries and use this feedback to improve their modeling in the future.  Judges, especially the Chief Judge and ACJs, are strongly encouraged to engage in dialogue with entrants at any time, in order to transmit modeling tips and ideas from the judges to the modeler.

h.    All judging teams need to constantly check their math. It is the most common mistake made by judging teams. A calculator is provided to each judging team if needed.

i.      All judging teams need to be mindful of the time they spend judging an entry. Table captains should not allow conversations that drift away from judging the entry on their table, such as historical discussions or comparisons to other entries. Be fair, be considerate, and be efficient when judging entries on your shift. 

Kits:

Fine Molds Type 3 HO-NI III

Fine Molds Type 3 75mm barrel

Friulmodel Type 97 CHI-HE track

MV Lenses LS409

Warriors WWII Combat Cameraman

Warriors American Soldier

References:

Japanese Tanks 1939-1945, Steven J. Zaloga, Osprey Publishing Ltd., 2007.

Japanese Armor Vol 5, Andrzej M. Tomczyk, Tankpower, AJ Press, 2006.

Research Description:

In 1943, the Japanese Army modified some existing Ho-Nis with an enclose superstructure and rearmed them with the Type 3 75mm gun. The superstructure was a heptagonal welded structure with sloped sides and three roof hatches. The Ho-Ni III was based on the later Type 97 Chi-Ha chassis. Fifty seven Ho-Ni IIIs were ordered from Hitachi; however, somewhere between 31 or 41 were completed. These were assigned to the 4th Tank Division and did not see combat. The US Army captured all known Ho-Ni IIIs at the Hakata Army base on Kyushu.

These are some of the few photographs taken of HO-NI III after World War II. The picture on the left was taken 14 October 1945 at Hakata Army base. The picture on the right was provided by a source in Japan. The time frame of this picture is unknown.

Construction Description:

This model was built using the Fine Molds Type 3 HO-NI III. This kit comes with a small photo-etched fret, which provides muffler covers. This model is detailed with brass wire grab handles, Friulmodel Type 97 track, Fine Molds 75mm barrel, 0.10 Plastruct round and MV lens for the headlight (LS 409). This model was given a base coat of Tamiya IJA Green with a cammo pattern of Tamiya Khaki and Flat Brown.

Image #1 - Original: Image from US Tank Battles in France 1944-45 by Steven Zaloga, page 63. Color: Author’s interpretation from the same book as image #1, page 40. References:

Image #2 - Color: Author’s interpretation from the same book as image #1, page 40.

Description of Research:

This model represents an M4A3 of the 14th Armored Division in the Alsace area of France late in 1944.

Image #1 shows sandbags on the glacis and at least 4 colors on the hull.

The model displays fittings seen on other 14th AD tanks and few markings due to fresh camouflage.

References:

US Tank Battles in France 1944-45 by Steven Zaloga, Concord Publications Co., Hong King, 2003

Image #1 - Markings: Allied Tank Destroyers by Bryan Perrett, page 10 Osprey Vanguard 10, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London, 1979

Image #2 - MG Mount: Allied Tank Destroyers by Bryan Perrett, page 12 Osprey Vanguard 10, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London, 1979

Description of Research:

This model represents a mid production M10 in action February 1944 at Anzio with the 601st Tank Destroyer Battalion.

The vehicle is dug in as per image #1 and uses similar markings, being the last TD (12) in Alpha Company.

Image #2 shows a field mod Anti-Aircraft MG mount also photographed in Italy during 1944.

References:

• Allied Tank Destroyers by Bryan Perrett, Osprey Vanguard 10, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London, 1979
• Allied Tanks Italy: World War Two by Bryan Perrett, Tanks Illustrated No. 20, Arms and Armour Press Ltd, London, 1985
• U.S. Tank Destroyers in Combat 1941-1945 by Steven J. Zaloga, Concord Publications Co., Hong King, 1996